Awareness rate and influencing factors of elderly cancer patients in a community of Shanghai / 上海预防医学

ObjectiveTo explore the awareness rate and the influencing factors of notification in elderly cancer patients， and to improve the community health management. MethodsA total of 622 cancer patients were selected from a community health service center in Jing’an District of Shanghai， who participated in the Survey of Unified Needs Assessment of Elderly Care in Shanghai. ResultsThe overall awareness rate was 62.86%. Multivariate analysis showed that elderly patients were more likely to have disease notification than younger patients. Patients were less likely to have notification if they were without spouse， with care needs and with more diseases other than cancer. Patients with family history of cancer， living with children were more likely to have notification （P< 0.05）. Different tumor types might also influence the notification. Moreover， under the control of different factors， the influence effect on patients in specific age group may be different. （This sentence， in Chinse and English abstracts is confusing. Suggest authors to revise） ConclusionCommunity workers should develop corresponding health management strategies to improve the patients’ proper awareness， based on tumor category， of patient health status and family attitude.

Awareness rate and influencing factors of elderly cancer patients in a community of Shanghai / 上海预防医学

ObjectiveTo explore the awareness rate and the influencing factors of notification in elderly cancer patients， and to improve the community health management. MethodsA total of 622 cancer patients were selected from a community health service center in Jing’an District of Shanghai， who participated in the Survey of Unified Needs Assessment of Elderly Care in Shanghai. ResultsThe overall awareness rate was 62.86%. Multivariate analysis showed that elderly patients were more likely to have disease notification than younger patients. Patients were less likely to have notification if they were without spouse， with care needs and with more diseases other than cancer. Patients with family history of cancer， living with children were more likely to have notification （P< 0.05）. Different tumor types might also influence the notification. Moreover， under the control of different factors， the influence effect on patients in specific age group may be different. （This sentence， in Chinse and English abstracts is confusing. Suggest authors to revise） ConclusionCommunity workers should develop corresponding health management strategies to improve the patients’ proper awareness， based on tumor category， of patient health status and family attitude.

Effects of keto acid supplements on Chinese patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis: a prospective, randomized, controlled, single-center clinical study / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

BACKGROUND@#The effects of keto acid (KA) supplements on Chinese patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) are unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of KA supplementation on nutritional status, inflammatory markers, and bioelectric impedance analysis (BIA) parameters in a cohort of Chinese patients with MHD without malnutrition.@*METHODS@#This was a prospective, randomized, controlled, single-center clinical study conducted in 2011 till 2014. Twenty-nine patients with MHD were randomly assigned to a control (n = 14) or a KA (n = 15) group. The control group maintained a dietary protein intake of 0.9 g/kg/day. The KA group received additional KA supplement (0.1 g/kg/day). BIA was used to determine the lean tissue mass, adipose tissue mass, and body cell mass. The patients' nutritional status, dialysis adequacy, and biochemical parameters were assessed at the ends of the third and sixth months with t test or Wilcoxon rank-sum test.@*RESULTS@#The daily total energy intake for both groups was about 28 kcal/kg/day. After 6 months, the Kt/V (where K is the dialyzer clearance of urea, t is the dialysis time, and V is the volume of the distribution of urea) was 1.33 ± 0.25 in KA group, and 1.34 ± 0.25 in the control group. The median triceps skin-fold thickness in KA group was 12.00 and 9.00 mm in the control group. In addition, the median hand-grip strength in KA group was 21.10 and 25.65 kg in the control group. There were no significant differences between the groups with respect to the anthropometry parameters, dialysis adequacy, serum calcium and phosphorus levels, inflammatory markers, and amino-acid profiles, or in relation to the parameters determined by BIA. Both groups achieved dialysis adequacy and maintained nutritional status during the study.@*CONCLUSIONS@#In this cohort of Chinese patients with MHD, the patients in the control group whose dietary protein intake was 0.9 g/kg/day and total energy intake was 28 kcal/kg/day, maintained well nutritional status during study period. The KA supplement (0.1 g/kg/day) did not improve the essential amino acid/non-essential amino acid ratio, nor did it change the patients' mineral metabolism, inflammatory parameters, or body compositions.

Relationship between the APOE genotypes and the common major psychosis / 上海交通大学学报（医学版）

Apolipoprotein E (APOE) is a lipid transfer protein, which plays an important role in maintaining the stabilization of nerve and recovering. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder. Most studies showed that APOE genotypes were closely related with AD. In clinical practice, AD is mainly manifested as progressive cognitive decline, and often accompanied by mental behavioral symptoms. These symptoms also exist in common severe mental illness. It is worth thinking about the correlation between APOE genotypes and these diseases. This article reviewed the relationship between the APOE genotypes and the common major psychosis.

Relationship between the APOE genotypes and the common major psychosis / 上海交通大学学报（医学版）

Apolipoprotein E (APOE) is a lipid transfer protein, which plays an important role in maintaining the stabilization of nerve and recovering. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder. Most studies showed that APOE genotypes were closely related with AD. In clinical practice, AD is mainly manifested as progressive cognitive decline, and often accompanied by mental behavioral symptoms. These symptoms also exist in common severe mental illness. It is worth thinking about the correlation between APOE genotypes and these diseases. This article reviewed the relationship between the APOE genotypes and the common major psychosis.

Effects of exogenous carnitine on function of respiratory chain and antioxidant capacity in mitochondria of myocardium after exhaustive running in rats / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of exogenous carnitine on function of respiratory chain and antioxidant capacity in mitochondria of myocardium in rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty male Wistar rats were randomized to 4 groups (n = 10): static control (C), supplementation of carnitine (LC), exercise-training (T) and training with supplementation of carnitine (TLC). LC and TLC animals were perfused carnitine by the dose of 300 mg/kg bw x d. T and TLC animals were forced to performed 6-week treadmill training. Heart were prepared immediately after exhaustive running. Myocardium mitochondria was extracted by differential centrifugation. Spectrophotometric analysis was used to evaluate activities of respiratory chain complex (C) I -IV and superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA) level in myocardium mitochondria.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>To compare with C group, C I and C IV activity in LC, T and TLC group were increased significantly (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), CII and C III activity in T and TLC group were increased significantly (P < 0.05, P < 0.01); to compare with LC group, C I - IV activity in TLC group were increased significantly (P < 0.05, P < 0.01); to compare with T group, CI and C IV activity in TLC group increased significantly (P < 0.05). To compare with C group, SOD activity increased remarkably, MDA was remarkably lower (P < 0.05, P < 0.01) in LC, T and TLC group; To compare with LC and T group, SOD activity increased remarkably, MDA was remarkably lower (P < 0.05) in TLC group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Carnitine and training could improve function of respiratory chain and increased antioxidant capacity in myocardium mitochondria, there was better function of cooperation between carnitine and training.</p>

Effect of pinocembrin on brain mitochondrial respiratory function / 药学学报

There are growing evidences that pinocembrin has better neuroprotective effect. In the present study, the effect of pinocembrin on mitochondrial respiratory function was evaluated in global brain ischemia/ reperfusion (4-vessel occlusion, 4-VO) rats. The results showed that pinocembrin improved the respiratory activity of 4-VO brain mitochondria, through increasing ADP/O, state 3 respiration state (V3), respiration control rate index (RCI) and oxidative phosphorylation rate (OPR). And then, the effect of pinocembrin on brain mitochondria was verified in vitro. The results showed that pinocembrin increased ADP/O, state 3 respiration state, respiration control rate index, oxidative phosphorylation rate in NADH/FADH2 dependent respiratory chain and decreased state 4 respiration state (V4) in NADH dependent respiratory chain. Pinocembrin improved ATP content in brain mitochondria in vitro and in SH-SY5Y cells.

Absorption dynamic characteristics of clopidogrel bisulfate polymorphs in rat / 药学学报

Four crystalline forms of clopidogrel bisulfate were characterized by analytical techniques. Aiming to research the absorption characteristics of clopidogrel bisulfate polymorphs after taken orally by rat, and to estimate the influence of crystal form to pharmacodynamic action, four crystalline forms of clopidogrel bisulfate were administered intragastrically to rats, and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to measure the contents of clopidogrel bisulfate and its metabolite in rat plasma. The metabolite of clopidogrel bisulfate was detected in rat plasma. There were significant deviations among four crystalline forms in the areas under curve of the metabolite of clopidogrel bisulfate. We concluded that the different crystal forms of clopidogrel bisulfate showed different pharmacokinetic characteristics, which might affect pharmacodynamic action.

Association between clinical ischemic events and carotid calcification evaluated by 64 slices CT angiography / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the relationship between clinical ischemic events and carotid calcification detected by 64 slices CT angiography.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We retrospectively analyzed the carotid calcified plaques in 116 patients underwent the 64 slices CT angiography. The relationship between the carotid calcification and the clinical ischemic events was analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 377 plaques were detected and the incidence of carotid plaque calcification was 63.40%. Incidence of plaque calcification was significantly lower in patients with ages < 50 years than that in patients with ages 51 - 59 years, 60 - 69 years and higher than 70 years (P = 0.003, P = 0.002, P = 0.000, respectively). The incidence of plaque calcification in the common carotid artery was significantly lower than the carotid bifurcation (P = 0.000) and the internal carotid artery (P = 0.000). The incidences of calcification in the mild, moderate and severe degree of stenosis and occlusion were 46.54%, 33.33%, 26.67% and 0% respectively. The distribution of intraplaque calcium was similar between patients with ischemic event and non-ischemic event group. However, the incidence of calcification was significantly lower patients with ischemic event than that in patients without ischemic event (30.34% vs. 43.10%, P = 0.013). Calcified plaque was negatively associated with ischemic event (beta = -0.688, P = 0.006).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>64 slices CT angiography can analyze the characterization of carotid plaque calcium.</p>

Expression and implication of angiotensin II type 1 receptor in myocardial fibrosis of rats / 中华病理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the expression and pathobiological implications of angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) in development of myocardial fibrosis of rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Rat myocardial necrosis model was established using isoproterenol injection (15 mg/kg). Rat serum aspartate transaminase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK) and creatine kinase isoenzymes (CK-MB) were detected by MD-100 automatic biochemical analyzer. Masson staining was used to evaluate the morphological changes. The expression of AT1R protein was determined by immunohistochemistry and its mRNA expression was analyzed by RT-PCR. The expression of collage type I and III was determined by immunohistochemistry.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Serum LDH, CK and CK-MB reached their peaks at 4 h (chi2 = 16.90, P < 0.05), and AST achieved its peak in 6 h (chi2 = 16.90, P < 0.05). AT1R mRNA expression was increased 2 - 12 h after isoproterenol injection, but no statistical significance (P > 0.05) was observed comparing with the control. However, a significant AT1R mRNA increase was present at 24 h and decreased gradually after 48 h, and back to the control level after 3 weeks. Protein expression of AT1R increased proportionally with the severity of the fibrosis.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>AT1R mRNA and protein expressions increase significantly during myocardial ischemia, and is closely correlated with the fibrosis. These findings indicate that AT1R may play an important role in the pathogenesis of myocardial fibrosis.</p>

Effects of heparin and anticardiolipin antibodies positive serum from patients with recurrent pregnancy loss on proliferation of BeWo cells / 中华妇产科杂志

Objective To investigate the effects of anticardiolipin antibodies positive serum from patients with recurrent pregnancy loss on the proliferation of BeWo cells as well as the modulation of heparin on the growth of BeWo cell.Methods Thirty patients with recurrent pregnancy loss whose anticardiolipin antibodies were positive and thirty healthy women with a history of term delivery were selected.Their sera were separately added to BeWo cell culture systems which contained either heparin or not.After 24 hours, the PCNA and 490 nm A value were detected by immunofluorescence and methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT),and the proliferation of BeWo cell was evaluated.Results In the culture systems with heparin and normal serum,normal serum,heparin and serum with positive autoantibody,serum with positive autoantibody,the mean fluorescence gray scale values of PCNA were 34.8?3.1,33.8?1.8,33.4?2.2 and 25.1?2.3,the 490 nm A values were 0.0560?0.0033,0.0535?0.0024,0.0524?0.0027 and 0.0350?0.0040,respectively.Conclusions The serum with anticardiolipin antibodies from patients with recurrent pregnancy loss can influence the prospective potency of BeWo cell,inhibit cell proliferation in vitro.Through this direct effect on biological behaviour of the trophoblastic cell,it will lead to recurrent pregnancy loss,whereas heparin can increase the ratio of pregnancy by reversing such effects in those patients.